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Ka home Ola Hoola nā maʻi Hoʻōla ʻia nā maʻi ʻō-Amritha K Na Amritha K. ma Nowemapa 21, 2019| Loiloi ʻia e Alex Maliekal

ʻO ka nui o ka momona o ke kino. I India, ua lilo ka momona i maʻi ahulau me 5 pākēneka o ka ʻāina i loli ʻia e ia. ʻAʻole wale ka pilikia he hopohopo cosmetic wale nō akā hiki i kahi mea ke hoʻonui i kou makaʻu i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā maʻi ʻē aʻe a me nā pilikia olakino.

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka Obesity ma ke ʻano he helu kino nui (BMI) o 30 a ʻoi paha. Hoʻomaulia ʻia ʻo BMI e ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ke kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaumaha o kekahi kanaka. ʻO kekahi mau mea e like me ka makahiki, ka moekolohe, ka lāhui, a me ka nui o nā mākala o kekahi kanaka ke hiki ke hoʻopili i ka loulou ma waena o ka momona o ke kino a me ka BMI. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka BMI ka hōʻailona maʻamau no ka nui o ke kaupaona ^[1] ^[elua] .

No ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kāu BMI, pono ʻoe e puʻunaue i kou kaupaona i nā kilokika e kou kiʻekiʻe i nā mika i kuʻi ʻia (BMI = kg / m2).

E hōʻoia i kāu BMI ma aneʻi.

meaʻai olakino no ka ʻili ʻālohilohi

Nā ʻano momona

Nui nā ʻano hoʻohālikelike o ka momona. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke ʻano ma muli o ka ʻāpana o ka waiho ʻana o ka momona, ka hui pū ʻana me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe a me ka nui a me ka nui o nā momona momona ^[3] .

pehea e wehe ai i ka tan mai ka ʻili

Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka hui pū ʻana me nā maʻi ʻē aʻe, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka momona ma ʻelua a penei lākou:

ʻAno-1 momona: Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia ʻano momona i ka lawe nui ʻana i nā calorie a me ka nele o ka hoʻoikaika kino.
ʻAno-2 momona: Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e nā maʻi e like me hypothyroidism, polycystic ovarian maʻi, a me insulinoma etc. ʻAno-2 ka momona nui a loaʻa i ka 1 kenetene wale nō o ka nui o nā hihia momona. ʻO kēlā me kēia me ka momona-2 momona e loaʻa i kahi nui kūpono o ke kaupaona me ka liʻiliʻi o ka lawe ʻana o ka meaʻai.

Kaukaʻi ʻia i ka ʻāpana o ka waiho ʻana o ka momona, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka momona ma ʻekolu a eia lākou penei ^[4] :

Peripheral momona: ʻO kēia ʻano momona ka manawa e hoʻāhu ʻia ka momona nui ma nā pūhaka, ka ʻūhā a me nā ʻūhā.
Ka momona momona: ʻO kēia ʻano momona ka manawa o ka hoʻāhu ʻana o ka momona keu i kikowaena o ka wahi o ka ʻōpū.
Hoʻohui ʻia o nā mea ʻelua

Aia i ka nui a me ka helu o nā momona momona, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka momona i ʻelua mau ʻano a ʻo lākou ia ^[4] :

ʻO ka momona momona o nā mākua: I kēia ʻano momona, hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o nā hunaola momona a ulu i ka wā waena.
ʻO ka momona momona o ke keiki: I kēia, hoʻonui ka helu o nā hunaola momona a paʻakikī loa ia no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka nui o nā hunaola.

Nā kumu o ka momona

Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia ka momona momona e ka lawena, ka genetic, ka metabolic a me ka hopena hormonal i ke kaumaha o ke kino, me ka lawe ʻana i ka calorie ke kumu mua. ʻO ia, ʻo ka ʻai ʻana i nā calorie hou aʻe ma mua o kou puhi ʻana i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā a alakaʻi ka hoʻoikaika i ka momona ^[5] .

ʻO nā kumu maʻamau o ka momona e like me kēia:

ʻO ka papaʻai maikaʻi ʻole o nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe i nā momona a me nā calorie
ʻO ka ʻelemakule no ka mea hiki i ka ulu ʻana i ka makahiki ke alakaʻi i ka nui o ka nui o nā mākala a me ka nui o ka nui o ka metabolic
Ka nele o ka hiamoe, kahi e alakaʻi ai i nā loli hormonal e hoʻonāukiuki ai ʻoe a makemake i nā meaʻai calorie kiʻekiʻe
Nohona sedentary
Nā Genetics
Hapai keiki

Ma waho o kēia, hiki i kekahi ʻano olakino ke alakaʻi i ka momona, e like me kēia ^[6] :

Hypothyroidism (ma lalo o ka hana thyroid)
Cushing maʻi maʻi
ʻO Polycystic ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
ʻO Prader-Willi syndrome
ʻO Osteoarthritis

Nā ʻōuli o ka momona

ʻO ka hōʻailona hōʻailona mua o ka momona ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha o ke kino ma luna o ka awelika. Ma waho o kēlā, ʻo nā ʻōuli o ka momona ka mea penei ^[7] :

ʻAlena moe
Nā Pohaku
ʻO Osteoarthritis
Pilikia hiamoe
Pokole o ka hanu
ʻO nā veins varicose
Nā pilikia o ka ʻili i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hou

Nā kumu pilikia o ka momona

ʻO nā kumu like ʻole e like me ka hoʻohuihui ʻana o ka genetical, environment, a me psychological psychological mea he kuleana nui i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka makaʻu o kekahi kanaka i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka momona ^[8] .

pono o ka hau ma ka maka

ʻO nā genetics a i ʻole ka hoʻoilina ʻohana (ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻāpana āu e hoʻoilina ai mai kou mau mākua mai e hoʻopili i ka nui o nā momona o ke kino i mālama ʻia a hāʻawi ʻia i kou kino).
Nā koho ola e like me ka papaʻai pono ʻole, nā mea inu kiʻekiʻe-kalori, nele i nā hana etc.
Nā maʻi like ʻole (e like me ka Prader-Willi syndrome, Cushing syndrome etc.)
Nā lāʻau e like me nā lāʻau anti-seizure, nā lāʻau antidepressants, nā lāʻau diabetes, nā lāʻau antipsychotic etc.
ʻO ka pōʻai a me ka ʻohana (inā ʻoe e hoʻokipa i ka poʻe a puni, hoʻonui ka manawa o ka momona)
Makahiki
Hapai keiki
Puhipaka
Microbiome (ʻōpū bacteria)
Ka nele o ka hiamoe
Kaumaha
I-I pāʻinaʻai ʻana

Nā pilikia o ka momona

ʻO ka poʻe i nui ka momona ka nui o ka pilikia i nā pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe i koʻikoʻi loa i ka kūlohelohe.

ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe home

Hoʻopili nā pilikia nui i kēia ^[9] ^[10] :

ʻAno 2 diabetes
Maʻi maʻi puʻuwai
Kekahi maʻi 'aʻai (ovary, umauma, cervix, uterus, kolona,' ākau, ate, gallbladder, hakuʻala, prostate etc.)
Kolesterol kiʻekiʻe
Nā maʻi pākī
Hahau
Nā pilikia kūpilikiʻi a me nā moe kolohe
Nā pilikia kūpala

Ma waho o kēia, hiki i ka momona ke hoʻololi i ka maikaʻi o ke ola. ʻO ke kaumaha, ka noho kaʻawale ʻana o ke kaiāulu, ke kīnā ʻole, ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hana haʻahaʻa, ka hilahila a pēlā aku kekahi o nā ala e hiki ai i ka momona ke hoʻopili i ka maikaʻi o ke ola. ^[10] .

Kuhi o ka momona

E hoʻomaka ke kauka me kahi hoʻokolohua kino a paipai i nā hoʻokolohua e hoʻomaopopo i ke koʻikoʻi o ke ʻano ^{[umikumākahi]} .

Nānā moʻolelo ola
Hōʻike kino laulā
Hoʻomaulia BMI
E ana ana ke anapuni ʻo ka puhaka e hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ke kino me ka mānoanoa o ka ʻili, a me ka hoʻohālikelike o ka pūhaka a i ka pūhaka
Nā hoʻāʻo koko
ʻO nā hoʻokolohua loiloi e like me ultrasound, compute tomography (CT), a me nā kiʻi magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Iapaau No ka momona

ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana i ka momona ka loaʻa i kahi kaupaona olakino a mālama iā ia. Lawe ʻia ka lapaʻau e hoʻomaikaʻi i kou olakino holoʻokoʻa a hōʻemi i ka makaʻu o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pilikia olakino.

Hoʻololi meaʻai: ʻO ka hana mua a poʻokela i lawe ʻia e mālama i ka momona ke hoʻololi i nā meaʻai. ʻO ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā calori a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā ʻano hana olakino pono. No laila e hoʻomaka me ka hōʻoki ʻana i nā calorie, e ʻai ana i nā ʻāpana nui o nā meaʻai i ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā calori (e like me nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai), e ʻai ana i nā mea kanu, e like me nā huaʻai, nā mea kanu a me nā huʻihāpai palaoa. Kaohi i kāu ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea momona momona ^[12] .
Hoʻoikaika kino: ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻana i kāu mau hana kino kahi hana nui i ka mālama ʻana i ka momona. Pono nā kānaka me ka momona e loaʻa ma kahi o 150 mau minuke i ka pule o ka hoʻoikaika kino. He kūpono a kūpono hoʻi e koho i nā hana e kōkua ai i ka puhi ʻana i nā calorie. ʻO nā loli maʻalahi e like me ke kau ʻana i ke alapiʻi ma kahi o ka elevator, māla, hele wāwae i kahi mamao ma kahi o ka lawe ʻana i kāu kaʻa hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻokahe ʻana i kēlā kaumaha keu. ^[13] .
Hoʻololi i ka hana: Hiki i nā papahana hoʻololi ke ʻano ke kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻololi i ka nohona a paipai iā ʻoe e lilo i ka paona. Kapa ʻia kekahi ma ke ʻano he behavioral therapy, hiki iā ia ke kōkua iā ʻoe i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana iā ʻoe a me kāu mau ʻano ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a hana e like me ka pohō kaumaha. ʻO ka hele ʻana i ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a me nā hui kākoʻo hiki ke lilo i mea maikaʻi ^[14] .
Lāʻau lapaʻau: Ma waho o nā hoʻolālā a me nā ʻano papaʻai, ʻo ka lāʻau hoʻomākaukau kaumaha ka hoʻoliʻiliʻi kekahi mea pono o ka mālama ʻana no ka momona. Hiki i kāu kauka ke koi aku i ka lāʻau hōʻemi kaumaha inā he mea ʻole nā papaʻai a me nā papahana hoʻoikaika kino ʻē aʻe. E kuhikuhi ʻia nā lāʻau i kau ʻia i kāu mōʻaukala olakino, a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe.
ʻOki kino: Hana pinepine ʻia ka ʻoki ʻana ma ka hihia o ka momona nui loa. No nā hihia koʻikoʻi, koho nā kauka i kahi ʻoki hōʻemi kaumaha, i kapa ʻia hoʻi he ʻoki lāʻau bariatric. Kōkua kēia mau ʻoki ʻana i ka palena ʻana i kāu pae ʻai (a) a i ʻole hiki ke hoʻēmi i ka lawe ʻana o ka meaʻai a me nā calories. ʻO kekahi o nā hana kaupaona-pohō e like me ke ʻoki ʻana o ka ʻōpū, hiki ke hoʻololi i ka gastric, ka hoʻololi ʻana o biliopancreatic me ka kuapo duodenal a me ka lima gastric. ^{[umikumālima]} ^[16] .

Ma kahi palapala hope loa ...

Hiki ke pale ʻia ka momona Ma ke ʻimi ʻana i nā loli nohona a me nā koho papaʻai maikaʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke kōkua iā ʻoe iho mai ka loaʻa ʻana o kēlā kaumaha keu. Mai mālama ʻole (māmā) i ka hoʻoikaika kino i kēlā me kēia lā no ka liʻiliʻi he 20-30 mau minuke, e ʻai i nā meaʻai momona e like me nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu a pale i ka ʻai ʻana i nā mea momona momona.

Nā kiʻi kiʻi na Sharan Jayanth

Nānā i nā ʻatikala

[1]Ranjani, H., Mehreen, T. S., Pradeepa, R., Anjana, R. M., Garg, R., Anand, K., & Mohan, V. (2016). ʻO Epidemiology o ke kaumaha nui o ke keiki a me ka momona ma India: kahi loiloi ʻōnaehana. ʻO ka puke pai India no ka noiʻi olakino, 143 (2), 160.
[elua]Tripathy, J. P., Thakur, J. S., Jeet, G., Chawla, S., Jain, S., & Prasad, R. (2016). ʻO nā ʻokoʻa kūwaho a me nā kauhale i ka papaʻai, ka hoʻoikaika kino a me ka momona ma India: ke hōʻike nei mākou i ka hoʻohālikelike India nui? Nā hualoaʻa mai kahi ana STEPS mahele ʻāpana. Ka Ola Ola o ka BMC, 16 (1), 816.
[3]Filatova, O., Polovinkin, S., Baklanova, E., Plyasova, I., & Burtsev, Y. (2018). Nā hiʻohiʻona kumukānāwai o nā wahine me nā ʻano momona. Ka Nūpepa ʻ Ukrainiankolika ʻ Ukrainiankelia, 8 (2), 371-379.
[4]Gilmartin, S., Maclean, J., & Edwards, J. (2019). ʻO nā ʻano o ke kino ma hope o ke kaha ʻana o ka momona a me ka helu hou ʻana o ka ʻili: kahi pae kiʻekiʻe o ka loiloi. Ka Nūpepa o ke ʻoki kino a me ka noiʻi ʻoki ʻana, 5 (1), 036-042.
[5]Allender, S., Owen, B., Kuhlberg, J., Lowe, J., Nagorcka-Smith, P., Whelan, J., & Bell, C. (2015). ʻO kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻonohonoho kaiaulu o nā kumu momona. ʻO PloS hoʻokahi, 10 (7), e0129683.
[6]Sahoo, K., Sahoo, B., Choudhury, A. K., Sofi, N. Y., Kumar, R., & Bhadoria, A. S. (2015). ʻO ka momona o ke keiki: nā kumu a me nā hopena. Ka puke pai o nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻohana a me ka mālama mua ʻana, 4 (2), 187.
[7]Delgado, I., Huet, L., Dexpert, S., Beau, C., Forestier, D., Ledaguenel, P., ... & Capuron, L. (2018). Nā ʻōuli kaumaha ma ka momona: ʻO ke kōkua pili o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ke olakino metabolic. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 91, 55-61.
[8]Blümel Méndez, J., Fica, J., Chedraui, P., Mezones Holguín, E., Zúñiga, M. C., Witis, S., ... & Ojeda, E. (2016). Pili ka nohona noho ma nā wahine waena i nā ʻōuli menopausal koʻikoʻi a me ka momona.
[9]Camilleri, M., Malhi, H., & Acosta, A. (2017). ʻO nā pilikia Gastrointestinal o ka momona. Gastroenterology, 152 (7), 1656-1670.
[10]Jakobsen, G. S., Småstuen, M. C., Sandbu, R., Nordstrand, N., Hofsø, D., Lindberg, M., ... & Hjelmesæth, J. (2018). ʻO ka hui ʻana o ke kākā bariatric me ka lāʻau lapaʻau momona me ke olakino wā lōʻihi a me nā comorbidities e pili ana i ka momona. ʻO Jama, 319 (3), 291-301.
[umikumākahi]Suvan, J. E., Finer, N., & DʻAiuto, F. (2018). Nā pilikia Periodontal me ka momona. Periodontology 2000, 78 (1), 98-128.
[12]Nimptsch, K., Konigorski, S., & Pischon, T. (2018). Kuhi o ka momona a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o nā biomarkers momona i ka ʻepekema a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Metabolism.
[13]Garvey, W. T. (2018). Ke kuhi a me ka loiloi o nā maʻi me ka momona. ʻO ka manaʻo i kēia manawa ma Endocrine a me Metabolic Research.
[14]Liu, J., Lee, J., Hernandez, M. A. S., Mazitschek, R., & Ozcan, U. (2015). Ka mālama ʻana i ka momona me celastrol. Pūnaewele, 161 (5), 999-1011.
[umikumālima]Kusminski, C. M., Bickel, P. E., & Scherer, P. E. (2016). ʻO ka pahuhopu i nā aʻa adipose i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi kō e pili ana i ka momona. Nānā kūlohelohe ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau. 15 (9), 639.
[16]Olson, K. (2017). ʻO nā hana e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana i ka momona. Nūpepa Lapaʻau ʻo Rhode Island, 100 (3), 21.