Gestational Diabetes (GDM): Nā kumu, nā ʻōuli, nā pōʻino a me ka mālama ʻana

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Koi ka hāpai ʻana i kahi mālama hou a me ka hopohopo. Inā he wahine hāpai hānai ʻoe, pono ʻoe e akahele. ʻO ka maʻi diabetes i ʻike ʻia i ka wā hāpai ka mea i kapa ʻia he diabetes diabetes Kēia e kau i kou hāpai keiki i loko o ka pilikia waeʻano ma muli o nā manawa kūpono o ka hāʻawe ʻole, hānau kīnā, hānau hānau, hānau hānau mua a pēpē nui. ^[1] . Māhele ʻia ka maʻi diabetes Gestational i ʻelua mau papa, Papa A1 (hiki ke mālama ʻia ma o ka papaʻai wale nō) a me ka papa A2 (koi ʻia ka insulin a i ʻole nā ​​lāʻau oral e kāohi i ke ʻano).

Ke hāpai ka wahine, hele a nui kona kino i nā loli a ʻoi aku, maʻalahi paha ʻo ia i kekahi mau maʻi e pili pono i nā wahine hāpai. Ke hele ka wahine i ka maʻi diabetes, hiki ke piʻi nui i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō a hiki i kēia ke kumu i kekahi mau pilikia ʻē aʻe no ka pēpē a me ka makuahine ^[elua] .

No laila, ʻo kekahi o nā pilikia i lohe nui ʻia i kēia mau lā i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana ka hanana ʻana o ka maʻi kō. Hiki i nā pae hormone ke hoʻonui i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō i ka wā e hāpai ana ʻoe, e hāpai ana i ka pilikia o ka hāpai ʻana a paʻakikī hoʻi i ka pilikia. Eia naʻe, ʻōlelo mau ʻia kekahi e noho maikaʻi inā ua ʻike ʻia ka maʻi diabetes ^{[3] [4]} .

nā manaʻo no nā keiki kula

Kū wale ka maʻi diabetes Gestational i ka wā hāpai. Hōʻike ia i nā kiʻekiʻe o ke kō i ka wā hāpai ʻo ka mea maʻamau ma mua o kou hāpai. Hoola ʻia ke ʻano i ka wā e hānau ai ʻoe i ka pēpē. I kekahi manawa, hoʻonui ia i ka manawa kūpono i kou hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes type 2, ʻoiai he kakaikahi loa ^[3] .

Nā kumu o ka mimikō Gestational

ʻAʻole maopopo ke kumu kūpono ma hope o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o kēia ʻano. Eia naʻe, ua ʻōlelo ʻia he kuleana nui nā hormona i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ke ʻano.

I ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana, nā hormones i hana ʻia e ka placenta ke kumu o ke kūkulu ʻia o glucose i loko o kou kahena, kahi e hopena ai i ka maʻi kō ^[5] . Ma ke kūpono, hiki i kāu pancreas ke hana i ka nui o ka insulin e lawelawe i kēia. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi mau hihia, ke hana ʻole ia, piʻi nā kiʻekiʻe o ke kō glucose e alakaʻi i ka maʻi diabetes.

He aha nā kumu o ka mimikō hāpai?

Nā ʻōuli o ka maʻisā Gestational

ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole hoʻokumu ke ʻano i nā hōʻailona a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona. Hiki ke akahai nā ʻōuli a penei: ^[6] .

pehea e loaa mau ai ka lauoho pololei

• ʻIke makapō
• Ka luhi
• ʻŪhū
• Make wai nui loa
• He pono nui e mimi

Eia nō naʻe, e hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hōʻailona e pili ana i ka maʻi kō maʻamau he mea maʻamau a ʻike ʻia i ka hapanui o nā wahine hāpai. Hoʻopili kēia i nā ʻōuli e like me ka luhi, hoʻonui i ka make wai, nausea a me ka luaʻi. Ma muli o ke ʻano nui o nā ʻōuli, ʻike ʻole ʻia lākou, e waiho ana i ka makuahine a me ke keiki i kahi makaʻu ^[7] .

Nā Pilikia No ka Diabetes Gestational

Loaʻa paha iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes inā ʻoe

nā lāʻau kūlohelohe no ka lauoho keʻokeʻo

• loaʻa kahi moʻolelo o ka maʻi kō
• ua loaʻa i ka maʻi diabetes maʻakika i kou wā hāpai mua
• ua kaumaha ma mua o ka hāpai ʻana
• ua loaʻa nā pae kō kō kiʻekiʻe
• loaʻa ke koko kiʻekiʻe
• hānau hānau pēpē nui ma mua
• ua loaʻa ka nui o ke kaumaha i ka wā hāpai
• ma luna o 25 mau makahiki
• ke kali nei i nā pēpē he nui
• he hānau keiki ʻole a hānau hānau hou paha
• loaʻa polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), acanthosis nigricans, a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka pale ʻana o ka insulin. ^{[8] [9]}

Nā pilikia o ka maʻi diabetes

I ka hanana o ka mālama ʻole a me ka nānā ʻole, hiki i ke ʻano ke hōʻino a alakaʻi i nā pilikia i hiki ke hoʻopili i ke olakino o ke keiki a me ka makuahine. ^[9] .

ʻO nā pilikia e pili ana i ke ʻano penei:

• Nā pilikia hanu
• He kaumaha hānau kiʻekiʻe
• ʻO ka Shouldto dystocia (ke kumu e paʻa ai ka poʻohiwi o ka pēpē i ka puka hānau i ka wā hana)
• Koko kōpaʻa haʻahaʻa
• Lawe hānau ma mua
• Hoʻonui i nā manawa o ka hāʻawi caesarean
• Make Neonatal
• Macrosomia

Kānāwai o Gestational Diabetes

Hana ʻia ia i ka hapalua o kou hāpai ʻana. Hiki i nā ʻōuli o kēia ke koi i ka pee pinepine, me ka make wai i ka make wai ma mua o ka maʻamau, manaʻo i ka pōloli a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻai nui. ʻOiai pili kēia mau ʻōuli me nā ʻōuli o ka hāpai hāpai wale nō, ʻo ka maʻa mau ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes hāpai e pili ana i kahi hoʻokolohua i mālama ʻia i kāu hōʻike maʻamau o ka hāpai hāpai keiki ^[10] .

ʻO ka maʻamau, ma waena o nā pule 24 a 28, e kauoha ana kāu kauka i kahi hoʻokolohua e nānā ai no ka maʻi kō.

Hoʻomaʻo No ka Diabetes Gestational

I ka hanana o ke kuhi ʻia me ke ʻano, e hilinaʻi ka papa hana hoʻomalu i nā pae kō kō i kēlā me kēia lā.

Pono ʻoe e hoʻāʻo i kāu kō kō i mua a ma hope o ka pāʻina ʻana.

pehea e hoemi ai i ka lima i ka pule

I kekahi mau hihia, e ʻōlelo ʻia nā inikō o ka insulin e kōkua i ke kaohi ʻana i nā pae kō kō ^{[umikumākahi]} .

Ka hopena o ka mimikō gestational ma ke pēpē

I ka loaʻa ʻana o ka momona i kāu pēpē mai kou koko, loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes hāpai i ka pēpē. Mālama ka pēpē i ke kō hou aʻe ma ke ʻano momona e hoʻonui ai iā ia ma mua o ka maʻamau. Aia paha kekahi pilikia ʻōpū e like me kēia ^[12] :

• Hiki paha i nā ʻeha i ka pēpē i ka wā o ka hana ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka nui o ka pēpē.
• Hiki ke hānau ʻia ka pēpē me nā pae haʻahaʻa o ke kō kō a me nā minelala.
• Hiki i ka hānau mua ʻana.
• Hiki ke hānau ʻia ka pēpē me ka jaundice.
• Aia paha he pilikia hanu manawa.

Ma waho o kēia, hiki i ke keiki ke loaʻa ka manawa kūpono o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka momona a me ka maʻi kō i nā wā hope o kona ola. Pono e paipai i kēlā mau keiki e mālama i kahi ola olakino mai kinohi mai ^[13] .

Ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi diabetes

Inā ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe me ka maʻi kō, e nānā pono ana kāu kauka iā ʻoe. E noi ʻia ʻoe e kipa aku i kāu kauka no ka loiloi pinepine ʻana a koi ʻia ʻoe e hana i kēia ^{[14] [umikumālima]}

• E hōʻoia i kāu mau kō kō kō ma kahi o ʻehā mau manawa i ka lā. Mālama i kahi mīkini nānā glucose koko auto-digital ma ka home.
• E kiʻi mau i kahi hoʻokolohua mimi e nānā i ke kū ʻana o nā ketone. Hana ʻia kēia e nānā inā kaohi ka maʻi kō.
• Hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau. Hiki iā ʻoe ke kikoo aku i nā mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa e hiki ke alakaʻi maikaʻi iā ʻoe e pili ana i nā hana kūpono a maikaʻi hoʻi e hana ai i ka wā o ka hāpai ʻana.
• E ʻimi i kāu ʻōlelo kauka a kauka paha e hana i kahi pakuhi papaʻai olakino. Pono kāu meaʻai e hoʻonui ʻole i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka glucose koko.

1. [1]Sermer, M., Naylor, C. D., Gare, D. J., Kenshole, A. B., Ritchie, J. W. K., Farine, D., ... & Chen, E. (1995). Ka hopena o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻomanawanui ʻole o ka carbohydrate i nā hopena o ka makuahine me ka hānai ʻole ma 3637 mau wahine me ka loaʻa ʻole o ka maʻi diabetes: ʻo ka Toronto Tri-Hospital Gestational Diabetes Project.
2. [elua]ʻAhahui Diabetes ʻAmelika. (2004). Mālama maʻi diabetic gestational. Mālama diabetes, 27 (suppl 1), s88-s90.
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5. [5]Crowther, C. A., Hiller, J. E., Moss, J. R., McPhee, A. J., Jeffries, W. S., & Robinson, J. S. (2005). Ka hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka diabetes diabetes ma nā hopena o ka hāpai ʻana. New England Journal of Medicine, 352 (24), 2477-2486.
6. [6]Bellamy, L., Casas, J. P., Hingorani, A. D., & Williams, D. (2009). ʻAno 2 diabetes mellitus ma hope o ka mimikō hānau: kahi ʻōnaehana loiloi a me nā meta-analysis. ʻO ka Lancet, 373 (9677), 1773-1779.
7. [7]Buchanan, T. A., & Xiang, A. H. (2005). ʻO ka mimiki diabetes Gestational. Ka Pai no ka hoʻokolokolo hoʻokolokolo, 115 (3), 485-491.
8. [8]ʻO Boney, C. M., Verma, A., Tucker, R., & Vohr, B. R. (2005). ʻO ka maʻi Metabolic i ka wā kamaliʻi: ka hui pū ʻana me ke kaupaona hānau, ka momona o ka makuahine, a me ka mimestitus mimellitus. Pediatrics, 115 (3), e290-e296.
9. [9]Nā ʻIke, G. D. F. (1986). He aha ka Diabetes Gestational ?.
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15. [umikumālima]Damm, P., Houshmand-Oeregaard, A., Kelstrup, L., Lauenborg, J., Mathiesen, E. R., & Clausen, T. D. (2016). ʻO ka maʻi maʻisā Gestational a me nā hopena lōʻihi no ka makuahine a me nā keiki: kahi ʻike mai Denmark. Diabetologia, 59 (7), 1396-1399.

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